Pennsylvania Car Accident Glossary of Terms
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Negligence
In its broadest sense, carelessness. More precisely, conduct which falls below the standard of care established by law for the protection of others against unreasonable risks of harm. In order to prevail in a negligence action, the plaintiff must prove, by a preponderance of the evidence, the following four elements: (1) that the defendant owed the plaintiff a duty of care; (2) that the defendant breached that duty; (3) that the defendant's breach of his or her duty of care caused the plaintiff's injury; (4) that the plaintiff suffered injury.
Negligence per se
Conduct, either by act or omission, that may be declared and treated as negligence without argument or proof of negligence, usually because the conduct violates a statute. A finding of negligence per se satisfies the plaintiff's burden of proof that the defendant's conduct was negligent. However, the burden remains on the plaintiff to establish that the injuries were proximately caused by the statutory violation.
Nisi decree
Interim decree or order that will eventually become final unless something changes or an event takes place.
Nonfeasance
Failure to perform some act which should have been performed.
Non-jury trial
See bench trial .
Non-moving party
The party to a lawsuit that is not presenting a motion to the court. Compare with moving party.
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